Skip to Main Content

Numeracy: Multiplication

This guide will provide links to numeracy resources that you can use to help you with any numeracy content that your course covers.

Multiplication Overview

The result of multiplying numbers is called the product. The multiplication sign (x) tells you have to multiply. Multiplication is a short method for adding equal amounts. For example,  4 times 5 (4 x 5) means 4 fives or 5 + 5 + 5 + 5.

Numbers can be multiplied in any order. The same product is obtained regardless of whatever order the numbers are multiplied. For example: 

                                                                  4 x 3 = 3 x 4.

This is called the commutative property of multiplication.

Multiplication Methods

Practical Multiplication Problems

The total cost of fixtures and lights for an office lighting installation is found by an electrician. The following fixtures and lights are:

  • 12 incandescent fixtures at $18 each.
  • 22 indirect fluorescent lights at $37 each
  • 33 direct fluorescent lights at $28 each.

Find the total cost.

Answer

Work out the process

Multiply the required number of each light or fixture by the cost of each. The total cost is the sum of the products.

Estimate the answer

Total cost = (10 x $20) + (20 x $40) + (30 x $30)

                   = $200 + $800 + $900

                   = $1900

Work out the answer

Total cost = (12 x $18) + (22 x $37) + (33 x $28)

                   = $216 + $814 + $924

                   = $1954

Check the answer to the estimate

$1954 is about the same as $1900.

Trade Based Multiplication Problems

The WelTec calculator Company makes five models of calculator. The following data gives the weekly  (5 –day) production output.

Model                      Alpha    Beta   Gamma   Delta    Tau

Cost                           $8      $19       $35         $52    $182

Number                     121     72         28            39       19

Find the weekly (5-Day) production cost.

Answer

Alpha = 121 x 8 = 968      Beta = 72 x 19 =1368   

Gamma = 35 x 28 =980    Delta = 52 x 39 = 2028     

Tau = 182 x 19 = 3458

Total Production Cost = 968 + 1368 + 980 + 2028 + 3458

                                   = $ 8802

 

Handouts